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CC 303: Latin and Greek Elements in English

AC(U)-, ACR-, ACET-: sharp, bitter
acerbic, acetic, acetyl, acrid, acrimonious, exacerbate, cute, acute, acumen, acupuncture, acute accent, [N.B. acme, acne, < akme Gk. a point, top < IE ak- > ACU- etc.]

CAD-, (CID-), CAS-: to fall, befall
cadaver, cadence, cascade, casual, decadence, accident, decide, deciduous, incident, recidivism , occasion, coincide

CAP-, (CIP-), CAPT-, (CEPT-), [CEIV-]: to take, seize
capability, capable, capacious, capsule, capture, captive, captor, receipt, conception, contraceptive, deception, except, perceive, forceps, principal/principle, municipal (munia = official duties, functions), emancipate, concept

FAC-, (FIC-), FACT-, (FECT-): to do, make
facile, faction, factitious 'not natural', factor, factual, affect, effect, defect, difficult, office, proficient, suffice, artifact, manufacture, fr. savoir-faire, fait accompli , confetti, ex post facto, fiat lux

FLU-, FLUX-, FLUV-, FLUOR(O)-: 'flow'
fluctuate, fluency, fluid, affluence, confluence, influence, superfluous

FOLI-, [FOIL-]: 'leaf'
foliage, folio, defoliate, tin foil

NOC-, NOX-, NIC-, NEC: 'to harm, kill'
internecine 'mutual destructive or harmful as internecine warfare, pernicious, innocent, innocuous, obnoxious ­ nocturnal

NOV-: 'new'
nova, innovation, novel, novice, renovate, de novo, novus ordo seculorum, nouveau riche, Nova Scotia ­ nov in November

CERN-, CRET-, CERT-: to separate, distinguish [< cernere 'to sift' < IE: (s)ker- to cut]
concern, certain, discern, ascertain, excrement, discrete, discreet, secret, certificate

DUR-: hard; to last
durable, duress, endure, obdurate

FUND-, FUS-, FOUND-: to pour, melt [ultimately < fundus 'the bottom or base' < IE gheu- to pour]
found (originate), fund, profound, confuse, refund, refuse, profuse, fusion, infuse, suffuse, transfusion, funnel

NASC-, NAT-: to be born
post-natal, native, nation, nativity, natural, nature, renaissance

PEL(L)-, PULS-: to drive, push
pulse, compel, dispel, expel, impel, propeller

PON-, POSIT-, POUND-, [POSE-]: to place, put
pose, positive, component, exponent, opponent, postpone, opposite/apposite, disposable, juxtapose, preposition, suppose

TORT-: to twist
torque, torso, tort, tortoise, tortuous, torture, contortions, distort, extort, retort, tortellini

(amare; amor, amicus) AM- to love BR> amateur, amatory, amorous, enamor, amour, paramour, Amoretto, amor patriae (Lat.), Amanda, amiable, amicable, amity, enemy, inimical, bon ami, amigo

DE-, DIV- god (Skt. dyaus, sky, day)
deism, deist, deicide, deify, deification, dial (< sun dial), diva, divine, adios, adieu, deus ex machina, cp. THEO-

DIE- day < Lat. dies < IE *deiwos god < dei to gleam, shine:
diurnal meridian, quotidian, dial, diet, dismal (+MAL), carpe diem

[JOURN- < diurnal] day
journal, journalism, journalist, journey, journeyman, adjourn, sojourn, bonjour, soupe du jour, ­ jur to swear > jury etc.

OR- to speak formally, plead
oracle, oracular, oral, orally, orate, oration, orator, oratorio, orison, adorable, adore, inexorable, perorate, peroration

PROB-, [PROV-] good; to test < Lat. probare to prove, test & probus good
probable/probably, probate, probation, probe, prove, approbation, reprobate, approve, reprove.

RAP-, RAPT-, (REPT-) to sieze
rapacious, rape, rapid, rapt, rapture, , surreptitious,, also raven, ravage, ravish

STRING-, STRICT-, [STRAIN-] to draw tight
strain, restrain, strait, stress, distress, strict, stricture, string, constrict, constriction, restrict

VER- true
veracious, veracity, verily, very, aver, verdict, verifiable, verification, verify, verisimilitude, in vino veritas, veritas vos liberabit (Johns Hopkins), veritas liberabit vos (SMU), Veritatem cognoscetis et veritas vos liberabit (John 8:32, Tennessee), Lux et Veritas (Yale)

CID-, CIS-, to kill, cut [
suicide, homocide, matricide, patricide, parricide, sororicide, fatricide, filicide, feticide, uxoricide, insecticide, pesticide, regicide, fungicide, bactericide, herbicide, genocide--presumably the list can be extended as the need arises...
abscission, circumcise, concise, incisive, precise, precision, prŽcis, cf. scissors

MATR-, MATERN-, mother
maternal, maternity, matriculate, a matriculant, matriculation, matrimonial, matrimony, matrix, matron, matriarch, matricide, matrilineal, matronymic, alma mater, (cf. matter, material etc.)

PATR-, PATERN-, father & PATRI-, fatherland, country
paternal, paternity, patrician, patrimony, patriot, compatriot, expatriate, perpetrate, repatriate, patronymic, patriarch, patricide, patrilineal, [cf. padre, papal, pattern, pope]

PATRON-, protector
patron, patronage, patronize

SEQU-, SECUT-, to follow
sequacious, sequel, sequence, sequential, sequester, consecutive, persecute, prosecute, consequence, obsequies, obsequious, subsequent, execute, [cp. suitor, suit, sue, ensue, pursue, segue, second, sect]

SOL-, alone
sole, solitary, solitude, solo, desolate, solipsism, soliloquy

VIV-, VIT-, to live
convivial, revive, survive (supra+), viable, viand, vicutal, bon vivant, savoir-vivre, vive! Fr., viva! It., curriculum vitae, vital, vitalize, vitals