The format for this exam will be much like that of the first, with two important differences: the exam will be a bit longer (since most of you finished the last one with plenty of time; keep in mind that this also means each question will be worth fewer points, so a mistake won't hurt as much) and there will be an essay component.

The exam will emphasize material covered (both in lecture and readings) since the last exam, so the main subjects will be the aftermath of the Persian Wars, the growth of the Athenian Empire, the Peloponnesian War, and its aftermath. Be sure to review your readings, your own lecture notes, and the notes posted on the class web site.

Below is a list of people, places, things, and events you might find on the exam -- like last time, though, the list is not meant to be comprehensive, except that I won't ask you to locate places on a map that don't appear on the list. But if you know about these things -- what the people did, what happened at the places, etc. -- you should be in pretty good shape.

Aegospotami	Agesilaus	Alcibiades
Amphipolis	Arginusae	Argos
Aristides	Aristoteles	Brasidas
Cleombrotus	Conon	Corcyra
Coroneia	Cunaxa	Cynossema
Cyszicus	Dekeleia'	Delian League'
Demosthenes	Eion	Epameinondas
Epipolai	Eurymedon River	Gylippos
Karystos	Kimon	Kition
Kleon	Lamachus	Leuctra
Long Walls	Mantineia	Megara
Mytilene	Naupaktos	Nemea
Nicias	Nisaia	Oiniophyta
Pagai	Pausanias	Pelopidas
Pericles	Phormio	Plataia
Pleistoanax	Potidaia	Pylos
Samos	Sphacteria	Syracuse
Tanagra	Themistocles	Thucydides
Xenophon

Below I've listed a number of subjects on which I will base the essay questions for the exam; I'll give you a choice of three topics, from which you'll chose one to answer.

To what would you attribute the Greek defeat of Xerxes' invasion? Would you characterize it more as a success on the part of the Greeks, or a failure on the part of the Persians?

Discuss the causes of the Peloponnesian War: what were the overall aims of the parties involved, and what were the immediate factors that precipitated the hostilities?

Explain the 'Periclean Strategy' adopted by Athens in the Peloponnesian War. What factors led to the establishment of such a policy? What were its strengths and weaknesses? To what extent did Athens pursue it or depart from it during the course of the war?

What were the aims of the Athenian expedition to Sicily, and in what ways did the Athenians fail to direct their efforts at these aims? Outline the various failures that led to the Athenian defeat on Sicily, and suggest what might have been done differently to avoid the disaster.

We've now seen a number of encounters in which light-armed troops played an important, even decisive, role in the conflict. With reference to specific examples, discuss how light-armed troops were employed, and what advantages they provided.

Although we tend to look at Greek military history from the perspective of armies, navies, and their commanders, it is clear that, for Athens at least, the popular Assembly had great influence, both direct and indirect, on the conduct of warfare. Discuss the ways in which the Athenian Assembly affected the city's military career, with reference to specific examples.