CC 302/347 INTRO TO ANCIENT ROME

Important Dates


1. Regal Period & Early Republic (753-133 BCE)

753

Rome founded (traditional date)

509

Expulsion of Tarquinius Superbus (end of Regal Period), "Struggle of the Orders" begins

445

End of ban on intermarriage between the patricians and plebeians

390

Gauls sack Rome (Army subsequently reorganized).

366

Plebians allowed to stand for the consulship

340-338

Latin War

343-290

Romans fight intermittent wars with Samnites

287

Plebiscites (laws voted by Concilium Plebis) became binding; "Struggle of the Orders" ends

282-272

War with Pyhrrus (Greek king of Epirus) in Southern Italy

272

Romans capture Tarentum (conquest of Italy complete)

264-241

First Punic War

218-201

Second Punic War

214-205

First Macedonian War

200-196

Second Macedonian War

197

Battle of Cynoscephalae (Roman legions defeat Macedonian phalanx)

196

Flamininus proclaims Greek cities free from Macedonia

171-168

Third Macedonian War

168

Macedonians slaughtered at Pydna

149-146

Third Punic War

148

Macedonia annexed as a Roman province

2. The Late Republic (133-27 BCE)

133-23

Tribunates of the Gracchi: attempts land reforms fail

121

Gaius Gracchus killed

107-100

Marius consul in 107 and 104-100

104

Reorganization of Roman army by Marius

103-100

Marius defeats Germans in Gaul

90-88

Social War

88

March on Rome by Sulla

86

Death of Marius

83-81

Civil war between the forces of Marius (now deceased) and Sulla; proscriptions

82-79

Dictatorship of Sulla; his constitutional reforms

78

Death of Sulla

73-71

Slave rebellion of Spartacus

63

Conspiracy of Catiline

60

First Triumvirate (Pompey, Crassus, and Caesar)

58-50

Caesar invades and conquers Gaul

49-48

Civil war between Caesar and Pompey

48-44

Dictatorship of Caesar

44

Assassination of Caesar (15 March, the "Ides of March")

43-33

Second Triumvirate (Antony, Lepidus, Octavian)

43

Proscriptions; murder of Cicero

42

Julius Caesar deified; battle of Philippi

37

Antony marries Cleopatra

31

Octavian defeats Antony and Cleopatra at Battle of Actium

3. The Early Empire (27 BCE - CE 96)

27 -14 CE

THE AUGUSTAN AGE

27

Principate of Augustus begins

23

Augustus' legal position revised to claim "restoration of Republic"; death of Marcellus

18

Julian Laws on marriage and morality

12

Augustus becomes Pontifex Maximus

9 CE

Lex Papia Poppaea: modification of Julian Laws of 18

14

Death of Augustus

14-68

THE JULIO-CLAUDIAN EMPERORS

14-37

Reign of Tiberius

31

Execution of Sejanus

37-41

Reign of Caligula

41-54

Reign of Claudius

54-68

Reign of Nero

60

British revolt under Queen Boudicca

64

Fire of Rome

68-69

Civil Wars

69

The Year of Four Emperors (Galba, Otho, Vitellius, Vespasian)

69-96

THE FLAVIAN EMPERORS

69-79

Reign of Vespasian

79-81

Reign of Titus

80

Colosseum inaugurated

81-96

Reign of Domitian


Supplemental Materials

Syllabus